SwiftUI Tutorial 5- Drawing paths and shapes

1. Create drawing data for a badge view

import CoreGraphics

struct HexagonParameters {
    struct Segment {
        let line: CGPoint
        let curve: CGPoint
        let control: CGPoint
    }

    static let adjustment: CGFloat = 0.085

    static let segments = [
        Segment(
            line:    CGPoint(x: 0.60, y: 0.05),
            curve:   CGPoint(x: 0.40, y: 0.05),
            control: CGPoint(x: 0.50, y: 0.00)
        ),
        Segment(
            line:    CGPoint(x: 0.05, y: 0.20 + adjustment),
            curve:   CGPoint(x: 0.00, y: 0.30 + adjustment),
            control: CGPoint(x: 0.00, y: 0.25 + adjustment)
        ),
        Segment(
            line:    CGPoint(x: 0.00, y: 0.70 - adjustment),
            curve:   CGPoint(x: 0.05, y: 0.80 - adjustment),
            control: CGPoint(x: 0.00, y: 0.75 - adjustment)
        ),
        Segment(
            line:    CGPoint(x: 0.40, y: 0.95),
            curve:   CGPoint(x: 0.60, y: 0.95),
            control: CGPoint(x: 0.50, y: 1.00)
        ),
        Segment(
            line:    CGPoint(x: 0.95, y: 0.80 - adjustment),
            curve:   CGPoint(x: 1.00, y: 0.70 - adjustment),
            control: CGPoint(x: 1.00, y: 0.75 - adjustment)
        ),
        Segment(
            line:    CGPoint(x: 1.00, y: 0.30 + adjustment),
            curve:   CGPoint(x: 0.95, y: 0.20 + adjustment),
            control: CGPoint(x: 1.00, y: 0.25 + adjustment)
        )
    ]
}

2. Draw the badge background

Path 로 경로를 따라 도형을 그리고 그 안에 색을 채운다.

struct BadgeBackground: View {
    var body: some View {
        Path { path in
            var width: CGFloat = 100.0
            let height = width
            path.move(
                to: CGPoint(
                    x: width * 0.5,
                    y: height * 0.4
                )
            )
            
            HexagonParameters.segments.forEach { segment in
                path.addLine(
                    to: CGPoint(
                        x: width * segment.line.x,
                        y: height * segment.line.y
                    )
                )
            }
        }
        .fill(.black)
    }
}

 

Path를 GeometryReader로 감싸 현재 view의 사이즈 값에 접근한다.

GeometryReader { geometry in
    Path { path in
        var width: CGFloat = min(geometry.size.width, geometry.size.height)
        let height = width

 

 

scale 에 따라 x축을 변경해준다

struct BadgeBackground: View {
    var body: some View {
        GeometryReader { geometry in
            Path { path in
                var width: CGFloat = min(geometry.size.width, geometry.size.height)
                let height = width
                let xScale: CGFloat = 0.832
                let xOffset = (width * (1.0 - xScale)) / 2.0
                width *= xScale
                path.move(
                    to: CGPoint(
                        x: width * 0.95 + xOffset,
                        y: height * (0.20 + HexagonParameters.adjustment)
                    )
                )


                HexagonParameters.segments.forEach { segment in
                    path.addLine(
                        to: CGPoint(
                            x: width * segment.line.x + xOffset,
                            y: height * segment.line.y
                        )
                    )


                    path.addQuadCurve(
                        to: CGPoint(
                            x: width * segment.curve.x + xOffset,
                            y: height * segment.curve.y
                        ),
                        control: CGPoint(
                            x: width * segment.control.x + xOffset,
                            y: height * segment.control.y
                        )
                    )
                }
            }
            .fill(.black)
        }
    }
}

 

Background에 linearGradient로 색을 입히고 aspectRatio 로 부모 view 와 상관없이 1:1로 비율 고정하고 가운데 위치시킨다

            .fill(.linearGradient(
                Gradient(colors: [Self.gradientStart, Self.gradientEnd]),
                startPoint: UnitPoint(x: 0.5, y: 0),
                endPoint: UnitPoint(x: 0.5, y: 0.6)
            ))
        }
        .aspectRatio(1, contentMode: .fit)
    }
    static let gradientStart = Color(red: 239.0 / 255, green: 120.0 / 255, blue: 221.0 / 255)
    static let gradientEnd = Color(red: 239.0 / 255, green: 172.0 / 255, blue: 120.0 / 255)
}

 

3. Draw the badge symbol

위와 유사하게 Path API를 이용하여 도형을 그린다.

import SwiftUI

struct BadgeSymbol: View {
    static let symbolColor = Color(red: 79.0 / 255, green: 79.0 / 255, blue: 191.0 / 255)
    
    var body: some View {
        GeometryReader { geometry in
            Path { path in
                let width = min(geometry.size.width, geometry.size.height)
                let height = width * 0.75
                let spacing = width * 0.030
                let middle = width * 0.5
                let topWidth = width * 0.226
                let topHeight = height * 0.488
                
                path.addLines([
                    CGPoint(x: middle, y: spacing),
                    CGPoint(x: middle - topWidth, y: topHeight - spacing),
                    CGPoint(x: middle, y: topHeight / 2 + spacing),
                    CGPoint(x: middle + topWidth, y: topHeight - spacing),
                    CGPoint(x: middle, y: spacing)
                ])
                
                path.move(to: CGPoint(x: middle, y: topHeight / 2 + spacing * 3))
                path.addLines([
                    CGPoint(x: middle - topWidth, y: topHeight + spacing),
                    CGPoint(x: spacing, y: height - spacing),
                    CGPoint(x: width - spacing, y: height - spacing),
                    CGPoint(x: middle + topWidth, y: topHeight + spacing),
                    CGPoint(x: middle, y: topHeight / 2 + spacing * 3)
                ])
            }
            .fill(Self.symbolColor)
        }
        
    }
}

 

그리고 위 뷰를 각도에 따라 그릴 수 있도록 RotatedBadgeSymbol veiw 를 작성한다.

struct RotatedBadgeSymbol: View {
    let angle: Angle
    
    var body: some View {
        BadgeSymbol()
            .padding(-60)
            .rotationEffect(angle, anchor: .bottom)
    }
}

 

4. Combine the badge foreground and background

이제 BadgeBackground 위에 BadgeSymbol들을 여러 각도로 그린다.

ZStack 은 하위 위젯이 나중에 선언될수록 앞에 위치시킨다.

import SwiftUI

struct Badge: View {
    var badgeSymbols: some View {
        ForEach(0..<8) { index in
            RotatedBadgeSymbol(
                angle: .degrees(Double(index) / Double(8)) * 360.0
            )
        }
        .opacity(0.5)
    }
    
    var body: some View {
        ZStack {
            BadgeBackground()
            
            GeometryReader { geometry in
                badgeSymbols
                    .scaleEffect(1.0 / 4.0, anchor: .top)
                    .position(x: geometry.size.width / 2.0, y: (3.0 / 4.0) * geometry.size.height)
            }
        }
        .scaledToFit()
    }
}

 

 

Path API를 쓸 때 x, y, offset, scale으로 도형을 유추하는 것이 여간 쉽지 않다...